Important General Science Question Answer Set-1

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Important General Science Question Answer Set-1

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1. Which among the following was the first satellite launched by Indian Space Research Organisation ?

(A) Bhaskar

(B) Aryabhatta

(D) INSAT I-A

Explanation:-Aryabhatta, the first Indian space satellite, was launched for India on April 19, 1975. Later, BhaskaraI, an Earth observation satellite, was launched for India on June 7, 1979. India launched its own satellite for the first time on July 18, 1980. It was the Rohini1 satellite carried aloft on a Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV) rocket from the Sriharikota Island launch site. Note : in its thirty ninth flights (PSLV-C37), ISRO’s Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle successfully launched the 714 kg Cartosat-2 Series Satellite along with 103 co-passenger satellites on February 15, 2017 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR, Sriharikota. The total weight of all the 104 satellites carried on-board PSLV-C37 was 1378 kg. The previous record was held by Russia, which sent 37 satellites into orbit in 2014.

2. Where is INS Ashwini anchored off ?

(A) Goa

(B) Kochi

(C) Mumbai

(D) Vishakhapatnam

Explanation:-INS stands for Indian Navy Ship. INS was anchored off near Colaba in Mumbai. It is a Naval Hospital Ship. INHS Asvini has the distinction of emerging as the first Armed Forces Hospital with networked radiology images, sourced principally from a recently installed Digital Substraction Angiography (DSA) machine (Siemens Polystar Top 1000 MA). In recent times, newer imaging machines offer digital images that are in DICOM format. DICOM denotes ‘Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine”. Image management at INHS Asvini, involves transfer of DSA images in DICOM format, their conversion into Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPG) format and subsequent transmission of JPG images through a robust networking system that connects all departments/OPD/Wards, facilitating direct access of images to a variety of specialists and specialities. INHS Asvini is the principal Command Hospital of the Indian Navy with a 825 bed teaching facility. It is presently undergoing modernization, underscored by the rapid induction of ‘state of art’ medical equipment along with continual computerization and networking of various Departments, Wards and OPD.

3. Which is the long-range missile that was tested by Pakistan in the wake of India testing Agni II?

(A) Ghauri II

(B) Shaheen I

(D) Hatf II

Explanation:-Agni-II is a medium range ballistic missile (MRBM) with two solid fuel stages and a Post Boost Vehicle (PBV) integrated into the missile’s Re-entry Vehicle (RV). When the Agni-II was first launched, then Defence Minister George Fernandes indicated that the maximum range of the Agni-II was 3,000 km. Since then, ranges from 2,000 km to 2,500 km have been stated, while Dr. Kalam, at Aero India ’98, stated that Agni-II had a maximum range of 3,700 km. The Agni’s manoeuvring RV is made of a carbon-carbon composite material that is light and able to sustain high thermal stresses of re-entry, in a variety of trajectories. The Ghauri-II is a medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM). A longer ranged variant of the GhauriI, it was developed by increasing the length of the motor assembly and using improved propellants. The Ghauri-II missile has a maximum range of 2,000 km

4. The Indian Naval Ship being converted into a maritime museum is :

(A) Sagar Samrat

(B) Kanishka

(D) Vikrant

Explanation:-The ex-aircraft carrier of the Indian Navy, INS Vikrant is being converted into a floating museum and rechristened Indian Museum Ship (IMS) Vikrant. She is now anchored opposite to Middle Ground near Gateway of India in Mumbai. This is with a view to meet the enormous demand of the public to see the ship and also assess the economic viability of sustaining her. The preliminary focus of the museum is to highlight the role of the ship as the cradle of naval aviation in the country

5. From where was India’s multipurpose telecommunication satellite INSAT-2E launched ?

(A) Baikanour

(B) Thumba

(D) Kourou

Explanation:-INSAT-2E is an Indian geostationary communications and weather satellite which is operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation as part of the Indian National Satellite System. It is positioned in geostationary orbit at a longitude of 83° East, from where it is used to provide communications services to Asia and Australia. It also carries two meteorological instruments; the Very High Resolution Radiometer, and a CCD camera capable of returning images with a resolution of one kilometre. INSAT-2E was launched by Arianespace, using an Ariane 42P carrier rocket flying from ELA-2 at the Guiana Space Centre in Kourou. The launch occurred at 22:03 GMT on 2 April, 1999.

6. What is ‘Barak’?

(A) A barrage on river Brahmaputra

(B) A peak in Kargil

(C) A ship-based missile system

(D) Residential Complex of an Army Unit

Explanation:- Barak is an Israeli surface-to-air missile (SAM) designed to be used as a ship-borne point-defense missile system against aircraft, anti-ship missiles, and UAVs. The missile of Barak SAM system is designed to replace or complement gun-based CIWS platforms, such as the Phalanx CIWS, with a more flexible and longer-range SAM. The missiles are mounted in an eight cell container (which requires little maintenance) and are launched straight up. The launcher of Barak SAM system utilizes a compact vertical launching system, with an 8-cell module weighing 1,700 kg. Fire control is provided by an equally compact C3I system that weighs 1,300 kg, which can either operate independently or in conjunction with other onboard sensors. The radar system of C3I provides 360 degree coverage and the missiles can take down an incoming missile as close as 500 meters away from the ship

Note : Recently, India & Israel jointly developed most advanced long range surface to air missile Barak-8 was successfully test fired off the Odisha cost. Reports suggest the missile has been increased to a maximum range of 90 km following “range upgrade discussions” between India and Israel during November 2014. Barak 8 was jointly developed by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI), India’s Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Israel’s Administration for the Development of Weapons and Technological Infrastructure, Elta Systems, Rafael and other companies. Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL) produces the missiles.

7. Which of the following is a stealth aircraft virtually undetectable even by radar?

(A) B-2 Spirit

(B) B1-B Lancer

(C) B-52 Stratofortrees

(D) FA-18 Homets

Explanation:-The Boeing B-52 Stratofortress is a long-range, subsonic, jet-powered strategic bomber. The B-52 was designed and built by Boeing, who have continued to provide support and upgrades. It has been operated by the United States Air Force (USAF) since the 1950s. The bomber carries up to 32,000 kg of weapons. Due to the late 1950s-era threat of surface-to-air missiles (SAMs) that could threaten high-altitude aircraft, seen in practice in the 1960 U-2 incident, the intended use of B-52 was changed to serve as a low-level penetration bomber during a foreseen attack upon the Soviet Union, as terrain masking provided an effective method of avoiding radar and thus the threat of the SAMs. Although never intended for the low level role, the B-52’s flexibility allowed it to outlast several intended successors as the nature of aerial warfare changed.

8. Who developed Ballistic Missile?

(A) Wernher von Braun

(B) J. Rober Oppenheimer

(D) Samuel Cohen

Explanation:-Wernher Magnus Maximilian, Freiherr von Braun was a German-American rocket scientist, aerospace engineer, space architect, and one of the leading figures in the development of rocket technology in Nazi Germany during World War II and, subsequently, in the United States. In his 20s and early 30s, von Braun was the central figure in Germany’s rocket development program, responsible for the design and realization of the V-2 combat rocket during World War II. After the war, he and some select members of his rocket team were taken to the United States as part of the then-secret Operation Paperclip. Von Braun worked on the United States Army intermediate range ballistic missile (IRBM) program before his group was assimilated by NASA. Under NASA, he served as director of the newly formed Marshall Space Flight Center and as the chief architect of the Saturn V launch vehicle, the super-booster that propelled the Apollo spacecraft to the Moon.

9. Who developed Ballistic Missile?

(A) Wernher Von Braun

(B) J. Robert Oppenheimer

(D) Samuel Cohen

Explanation:-A ballistic missile is a missile that follows a suborbital ballistic flight path with the objective of delivering one or more warheads to a predetermined target. To date, ballistic missiles have been propelled during powered flight by chemical rocket engines of various types. The first ballistic missile was the A-4, commonly known as the V-2 rocket, developed by Nazi Germany in the 1930s and 1940s under direction of Wernher von Braun. The first successful launch of a V-2 was on October 3, 1942 and began operation on September 6, 1944 against Paris, followed by an attack on London two days later. By the end of World War II, May 1945, over 3,000 V-2s had been launched.

10. Geo–stationary satellite revolves at–

(A) any height

(B) fixed height

(D) height above pole

Explanation:-A geosynchronous satellite is a satellite in geosynchronous orbit, with an orbital period the same as the Earth’s rotation period. Such a satellite returns to the same position in the sky after each sidereal day, and over the course of a day traces out a path in the sky that is typically some form of analemma. Geosynchronous satellites have the advantage of remaining permanently in the same area of the sky, as viewed from a particular location on Earth, and so permanently within view of a given ground station. Geostationary satellites have the special property of remaining permanently fixed in exactly the same position in the sky, meaning that ground-based antennas do not need to track them but can remain fixed in one direction.