HPRCA Computer Teacher Exam Syllabus

 1. SUBJECTS AS PER ESSENTIAL QUALIFICATION:
a) COMPUTER NETWORKS: Evolution of networking: introduction to computer networks, Data communication terminologies: concept of communication, components of data communication (sender, receiver, message, communication media, protocols), measuring capacity of communication media (bandwidth, data transfer rate), IP address, switching techniques (Circuit switching, Packet switching) , Transmission media: Wired and wireless communication media, Network devices (Modem, Ethernet card, RJ45, Repeater, Hub, Switch, Router), Network topologies (Bus, Star, Ring, Tree), Network protocol: HTTP, FTP, SMTP, TCP/IP, HTTPS, TELNET.
b) INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND WEB PAGE DESIGN: Introduction to web services: WWW, domain names, URL, website, web browser, web servers, web hosting. HTML Introduction: Structure of HTML Program, Heading Styles, Text Styles, Lists : ordered and Unordered Lists, Adding Images, Creating Tables, hyperlinks (internal & external), Form tags and its elements, CSS: introduction and its types. Style sheet properties: Border, Backgrounds, Fonts, & Text properties. JavaScript: Introduction, Variables, Obtaining User Input, Operators, Control Structure, Looping Constructs, Break and Continue Statements, User Defined Functions, Recursion and Iterations, Array Declaration and Memory Allocation, Basic Form Validation in JavaScript; JavaScript Objects: Date, String, Boolean, Window, Document, Cookies, Document Object Model (DOM), Event Handling using JavaScript. Introduction to PHP: Important tools and software requirements (like Web Server, Database, Editors etc.), scope of PHP, basic syntax, PHP variables and constants, data types , Expressions, scopes of a variable (local, global), PHP operator precedence and associativity. Handling HTML form using various form control with PHP, control statements (conditional statements, switch case, loops, goto, break & continue). PHP Functions: Function, Need of Function, declaration and calling of a function, call by value & call by reference. Array: anatomy of an array ,creating index based and associative array ,accessing array, looping with Index based array, with associative array using each() and foreach(), Some useful Library function. String Manipulation and Regular Expression: Creating and accessing string , searching & replacing string, formatting, joining and splitting string , string related library functions, Use and advantage of regular expression over inbuilt function, Use of preg_match(), preg_replace(), preg_split() functions in regular expression. Performing basic database operations (Insert, Update, Delete, select etc.), accessing data from database into HTML page. 
c) DATA STRUCTURE & ALGORITHMS: Data structure and its types, algorithms basic, complexity, Asymptotic notations. Arrays, stack, queues, linked lists (operations & applications), binary tree, binary search tree & AVL tree(operations), Searching algorithms: linear and binary search. Sorting algorithms: bubble, selection, insertion, quick sort. Graph Algorithms: Breadth-First Search, Depth-First Search, Shortest Paths, Minimum Spanning Trees (Kruskal’s Algorithm, Prim’s Algorithm).
d) OPERATING SYSTEMS: Functions and types of operating systems, multiprocessing, multitasking, multiprogramming, time sharing & distributed operating systems. Process Control Block. CPU Scheduling: scheduler, scheduling criteria and scheduling algorithms. Deadlock: characteristics, prevention, avoidance, detection and recovery. Memory Management: address binding, swapping, memory allocation, partitions, paging & segmentation. Virtual memory: demand paging & page replacement algorithms.
e) DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: Database concepts: Introduction to database concepts, DBMS architecture and data independence, Relational data model: relation, attribute, tuple, domain, degree, cardinality, keys (candidate key, primary key, alternate key, foreign key) , ER diagram and Enhanced ER Modeling, relational constraints, relational algebra, relational calculus, normalization. Introduction to SQL :DDL, DML, DCL, Math functions, Date Functions, Aggregate Functions, Querying and manipulating data.
f) SOFTWARE ENGINEERING: Software Process: Introduction, S/W Engineering Paradigm, life cycle models (water fall, incremental, spiral, evolutionary, prototyping, object oriented), Software requirements: Functional and nonfunctional and feasibility studies. Design Concepts and Principles: Design process and concepts, modular design. Software Testing: Verification and validation, error, fault, bug and failure, Unit and Integration testing, white-box and black-box testing.
g) COMPUTER SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE: Digital logic circuits and components: digital computers, logic gates, boolean algebra, map simplifications, combinational circuits, flip-flops, sequential circuits, integrated circuits, decoders, multiplexers, registers and counters, memory unit. Number system: binary, octal, decimal and hexadecimal number system, conversion between number systems. Register transfer and micro operations: register transfer language, bus and memory transfers, arithmetic, logic and shift micro operations. Basic computer organization and design: stored program organization and instruction codes, computer registers, computer instructions, timing and control, instruction cycle, memory-reference instructions, inputoutput, interrupt. Central processing unit: general register organization, stack organization, instruction formats, addressing modes. Input-output organization: peripheral devices, input-output interface,  asynchronous data transfer, modes of transfer, priority interrupt, DMA, serial communication. h) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI): Introduction: Definition of AI, Growth of AI, Application of AI, History of AI, Intelligent system. Heuristic Search Techniques: Search as a problem-solving technique, Blind search technique, Generate Test, Hill climbing, Best first search, Game playing, Minimax search, Alpha-Beta pruning. Knowledge Representation: Definition and importance of knowledge, Propositional calculus, Predicate logic, well-formed formulas, quantifiers, Rule based system, Procedural vs. Declarative Knowledge, Forward reasoning: Conflict resolution, backward reasoning, structured knowledge representation. Introduction to Neural Network: Hopfield network, single and multilayer networks Introduction to Genetic algorithm: The Genetic algorithm, Genetic operators, working of Genetic algorithm, problem with Genetic algorithm. Expert System: introduction, skill v/s knowledge, characteristics of expert system, knowledge engineering, inferencing, forward chaining and backward chaining expert system tools, Applications and future scope. Natural language processing: Introduction, language parsing, Syntactic and semantic analysis, top down and bottom-up parsing.
i) OFFICE AUTOMATION TOOLS: Word Processing Software: Basics of word processing, finding and replacing text, spell check, autocorrect feature, language setting and thesaurus. Formatting: character, paragraph and page formatting, working with indents, bulleted and numbered lists, adding headers and footers, tables, mail merge and macro. Spreadsheets: Definition, benefits, features & its uses, menus, toolbars, worksheets, formatting worksheets and restricting data, calculating with formulas and functions, ranges, auto fill, data (sort, filter, validation, subtotal), viewing and manipulating data with charts and pivot tables, goal seek, scenario. Power point presentations: Definition, benefits, features & uses of power point, menus, toolbars, creating and editing slides, adding graphics, multimedia, and special effects to slides, insert (picture, slide, text), master slide, views, animation, action buttons.
j) COMPUTERS FUNDAMENTALS AND PROBLEM SOLVING TECHNIQUES Introduction: Characteristics of computers, evolution of computers, capabilities and limitations of computers, generations of computers, types of computers(micro, mini, main frame, supercomputers), Block diagram of computer, basic components of a computer system, Input devices, output devises, Instruction set, registers, processor speed, type of processors. Memory: main memory organization, RAM, ROM, EPROM, PROM, cache memory, PCs specifications. Secondary storage devices (Magnetic Tape, Magnetic Disks, Optical Disks, SSD, Flash Memory, USB Drives). Planning the Computer Program: Concept of problem solving, problem definition, program design, debugging, types of errors in programming, documentation.  Techniques of problem solving: Flowcharting, decision table, algorithms, structured programming concepts, programming methodologies viz. topdown and bottom-up programming. k) PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES: Overview of Programming: Structure of a Python Program, Python Interpreter, Python shell, Indentation , Identifiers and keywords, Literals, Strings, Operators, Input and Output Statements, Control statements (selection, looping, break, continue, pass). Structures: Numbers, Strings, Lists, Tuples, Dictionary, Date & Time, Modules, Functions: Need of functions, user defined functions, passing arguments to function, types of arguments. Introduction to Advanced Python: Objects and Classes, Inheritance, Regular Expressions, Event Driven Programming, GUI Programming. Programming in C: Tokens, Identifiers, Data Types, Sequence Control, Subprogram Control, Arrays, Structures, Union, String, Pointers, Functions, File Handling. Programming in C++: Tokens, Identifiers, Variables and Constants, Data types, Operators, Control statements, Functions Parameter Passing, Virtual Functions, Class and Objects, Constructors and Destructors, Overloading, Inheritance & polymorphism.
l) SOCIETY, LAW AND ETHICS: Digital Footprints, net and communication etiquettes, social media etiquettes. Data Protection: Intellectual property rights (copyright, patent, trademark), violation of IPR (plagiarism, copyright infringement, trademark infringement), free and open source software. Cyber Crime: definition, hacking, eavesdropping, phishing and fraud emails, ransom ware, cyber trolls, cyber bullying. Cyber safety: safely browsing the web, identity protection, confidentiality. Malware: viruses, Trojans, adware. Ewaste management: proper disposal of used electronic gadgets. Information Technology Act (IT Act). Technology and society: Gender and disability issues while teaching and using computers.
m) CLOUD COMPUTING: Definition, roots of cloud computing, characteristics, cloud architecture, deployment models, service models. Virtualization: benefits & drawbacks of virtualization, server virtualization, virtualization of – operating system, platform, CPU, network, application, memory and I/O devices etc. Cloud Computing Service Platforms – compute services, storage services, database services, application services, queuing services, e-mail services, notification services, media services, content delivery services, analytics services, deployment & management services, identity & access management services and their case studies. Introduction to Cloud Technologies, Cloud security fundamentals: issues, threats, data security and information security, Vulnerability assessment tool for cloud, Privacy and Security in cloud.
n) THEORY OF COMPUTATION AND COMPILERS: Theory of Computation: Formal Language, Non-Computational Problems, Diagonal Argument, Russels’s Paradox. Regular Language Models: Deterministic Finite Automaton (DFA), Non-Deterministic Finite Automaton (NDFA), Equivalence of DFA and NDFA, Regular Languages, Regular Grammars, Regular Expressions, Properties of Regular Language, Pumping Lemma, Non Regular Languages, Lexical Analysis. Context Free Language: Pushdown Automaton (PDA), NonDeterministic Pushdown Automaton (NPDA), Context Free Grammar, Chomsky Normal Form, Greibach Normal Form, Ambiguity, Parse Tree Representation of Derivation Trees, Equivalence of PDA’s and Context Free Grammars; Properties of Context Free Language. Turing Machines (TM): Standard Turing Machine and its Variations; Universal Turing Machines, Models of Computation and Church-Turing Thesis; Recursive and Recursively Enumerable Languages; Context-Sensitive Languages, Unrestricted Grammars, Chomsky Hierarchy of Languages, Construction of TM for Simple Problems.
2. SUBJECTS OF 01 YEAR B.Ed. Learning and Teaching, Assessment for Learning, Lesson Planning, Assessment and Evaluation, ICT in Teaching- Learning Process, Guidance and Counselling. Methods and Approaches. Teaching of LSRW Skills.

3. GENERAL AWARENESS (a) General knowledge: General Knowledge including General knowledge of Himachal Pradesh. (b) Current Affairs . (c) Everyday Science . (d) Logical Reasoning . (e) Social Science (10th standard). (f) General English (10th standard). (g) General Hindi (10th standard).

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