HPRCA Geography Teacher Exam Syllabus

1 Syllabus for the CBT Exam of Teacher (Geography) to be conducted by HPRCA
1. SUBJECTS AS PER ESSENTIAL QUALIFICATION:
a) Geography as a Discipline:  Meaning, nature, scope and relevance;  A brief introduction to emergence of Geography as a scientific discipline;  Approaches to study Geography: Systematic and regional;  Branches of Geography;  Relation of Geography with Other Disciplines;  Definition of Physical Geography and its importance.
b) Basics in Geography:  Motions of Earth: Rotation and Revolution of Earth and their Effects;  Time Zones and International Date Line;  Dimensions of Earth : Shape and Size.
c) The Earth: Origin, Evolution & Structure:  Brief introduction to solar system;  Origin of Earth: Tidal Theory of Jeans and Jeffreys, Big Bang Theory,  Rocks: classification & their characteristics;  Internal structure of Earth.
d) Earth Movements:  Endogenetic forces;  Exogenetic forces;  Types of folds and faults.
e) Origin of Continents and Ocean Basins:  Isostasy: Airy and Pratt’s concepts;  Plate Tectonic Theory;  Wegener’s Continental Drift Theory.
f) Sudden Forces:  Volcanoes: components, classification, causes and world distribution of volcanoes;  Earthquakes: causes, effects and distribution of earthquakes;  Earthquake waves;  Scales to measure earthquake intensity. g) Elements of Geomorphology:  Weathering & mass movements: meaning, factors affecting & types;  Normal cycle of erosion by W.M. Davis;  Processes and landforms : Glacial, arid and fluvial. 
h) Characteristics of Ocean Water:  Temperature: factors affecting distribution of temperature, horizontal & vertical distribution;  Salinity: factors controlling salinity, horizontal & vertical distribution;  Density: factors, horizontal & vertical distribution.
i) Movement of Oceanic Water:  Waves and tides;  Origin & types of tides, effects of tides;  Oceanic currents: Pacific, Atlantic & Indian Ocean;  Hydrological cycle.
j) Atmosphere:  Structure & composition of atmosphere;  Insolation, heat balance, pressure and wind system;  Origin of tropical and temperate cyclones;  Monsoon;  Rainfall & its types;  Clouds & their types.
k) Human Geography:  Definition, major subfields, contemporary relevance of Human Geography;  Population: distribution & density of world population;  Demographic Transition Theory;  Malthusian Theory of population growth;  Factors affecting distribution & density of population;  Rural and urban patterns of settlements; Functional classification of town;  Urbanization in India: trends & problems;  Classification of economic activities: Primary, Secondary and Tertiary activities.
l) Environmental Geography:  Ecosystem: concepts & components;  Environmental Determinism & Possibilism;  Air pollution;  Biodiversity loss;  Chipko movement;  Man–environment relationship;  Global warming.
m) Regional Planning:  Types of Regional Planning;  Regional development initiatives Integrated Tribal Development Programmes. (ITDP);   Planning and sustainable development in Indian context : Case study Integrated Tribal Development Programmes in Bharmaur region;  Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC).
n) Geography of India:  Location;  Major physiographic regions of India;  Soils of India;  Climate and natural vegetation;  Drainage;  Population growth since 1901;  Major mineral belts of India;  Resource Base: Power (Coal & Hydroelectricity);  Minerals: Iron ore;  Agriculture: Rice ,Wheat , Cotton and Tea;  Problems of Indian agriculture;  Cotton textile & Iron-steel industries of India.
o) Disasters Management:  Definition and concepts : Hazards, Risk, Vulnerability and Disasters;  Disasters in India :Causes and impact of landslide, cyclone, forest fire & road accidents;  Response and mitigation to disasters;  Mitigation and Preparedness;  NDMA & NIDM.
p) Geography of H.P.:  Physiographic divisions of H.P.;  Basic information of important glaciers, passes & peaks;  Major rivers;  Soils & vegetation;  National parks and sanctuaries;  Population growth, sex ratio, literacy.
q) Cartography:  Scale: definition, types & uses;  Map definition & classification;  Significance of maps;  Topographical Maps;  Representation of data: Line Graph, Bar Graph.
r) Fundamentals of Remote Sensing:  Basic principles of remote sensing & electromagnetic energy;  Indian remote sensing programmes. 
s) Transport and Communication:  Modes of transportation :(Land ,Railways, Water and Air transport) pipelines;  Major oceanic routes: Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans;  Communication network: Personal & mass communication system.
t) International Trade:  Changing pattern of the composition of India’s exports & imports;  Direction of trade;  Major sea ports of India as gateways of international trade.

2. SUBJECTS OF 01 YEAR B.Ed. : Learning and Teaching, Assessment for Learning, Teaching of Social Science, Lesson Planning, Assessment and Evaluation, ICT in Teaching-Learning Process, Guidance and Counselling. Methods and Approaches. Teaching of LSRW Skills.

3. GENERAL AWARENESS : (a) General knowledge: General Knowledge including General knowledge of Himachal Pradesh. (b) Current Affairs . (c) Everyday Science . (d) Logical Reasoning . (e) Social Science (10th standard). (f) General English (10th standard). (g) General Hindi (10th standard).

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